活动板房起初是作为建筑工地的临时宿舍,为解决工人的住宿问题,开发商搭起了临时宿舍。建筑工地的临时住房,起初是以石棉瓦为顶拱建的临时工棚,虽造价低,但相比后来的活动板房,简陋,基本上没有防风、防震能力。石棉也被证实为有害的、致癌的物质。
The movable plank house was originally used as a temporary dormitory on the construction site. In order to solve the accommodation problem of workers, the developer set up a temporary dormitory. The temporary housing on the construction site was originally a temporary shed built with asbestos tiles as the top arch. Although the cost is low, it is simple compared with the later movable plank houses, and basically has no wind and earthquake resistance capacity. Asbestos has also been proved to be harmful and carcinogenic.
在早期,活动板房没有统一的认同的建造标准。按时间顺序,活动板房可分为三大类:
In the early stage, there was no unified construction standard for movable plank houses. In chronological order, movable plank houses can be divided into three categories:
一、水泥活动板房。
1、 Cement movable plank house.
早期的建筑工地临时住房,多数是由建筑工队自己建造的。所建造的临时住房,规格非常高的,当属以水泥墙为主体的住房。石棉瓦被取缔后,直接采用PU瓦代替。这就是非常早的活动板房:水泥活动板房。但水泥活动板房不具活动性,虽直接采用建筑材料,但工期长,造价高;工程完成后,拆除水泥住房困难,浪费大量的人力物力;不能循环使用。
Most of the early temporary houses on construction sites were built by construction teams themselves. The temporary housing built has very high specifications, which should be the housing with cement wall as the main body. After asbestos tiles are banned, Pu tiles are directly used instead. This is the very early movable plank house: Cement movable plank house. However, the cement movable plank house is not mobile. Although the building materials are directly used, the construction period is long and the cost is high; After the completion of the project, it is difficult to dismantle the cement housing, wasting a lot of manpower and material resources; It cannot be recycled.
二、镁磷活动板房。
2、 Magnesium phosphorus movable plank house.
镁磷活动板房,采用镁磷板为墙体材料,以轻钢结构作为板房骨架。轻钢结构的质量也渐渐被人们认同。板房的组装技术也趋于成熟。活动板房的生产、安装标准也渐渐形成。但随着彩钢活动板房的出现,镁磷活动板房成了过渡期的产品。
Magnesium phosphorus movable plank house adopts magnesium phosphorus plate as wall material and light steel structure as plank house skeleton. The quality of light steel structure is gradually recognized by people. The assembly technology of plank house also tends to be mature. The production and installation standards of movable plank houses have gradually taken shape. However, with the emergence of color steel movable plank houses, magnesium phosphorus movable plank houses have become the products of the transition period.
三、彩钢活动板房。
3、 Color steel movable plank house.
镁磷板质轻、强度底,其防水、防火等性能比不上EPS彩钢板。很快,人们就发现镁磷板不适宜作为外墙体材料,只适宜作为内墙材料。于是开始采用性能、外观俱佳的彩钢板作为外墙材料。以彩钢板为外墙体材料,采用标准模数进行设计,这就是现在的普通型活动板初形。整体美观,与诚市建筑风格相融,性能更佳。其的出现,解决了镁磷活动板房外墙强度低的缺点,迅速取代镁磷活动板房,成为活动板房的标准型。这也使活动板房的应用范围也越来越广,不仅作为建筑工地的临时住房,也用作楼顶加层、商铺、城市市政及安置用房等。
Magnesium phosphorus plate is light in weight and low in strength, and its waterproof and fireproof properties are not as good as EPS color steel plate. Soon, it was found that magnesium phosphorus board was not suitable for exterior wall material, but only for interior wall material. Therefore, color steel plates with good performance and appearance are used as exterior wall materials. The color steel plate is used as the external wall material and the standard modulus is used for design, which is the initial shape of the ordinary movable plate. The overall beauty is integrated with the architectural style of Chengshi, and the performance is better. Its appearance solves the disadvantage of low external wall strength of magnesium phosphorus movable plank house, quickly replaces magnesium phosphorus movable plank house and becomes the standard type of movable plank house. This also makes the application scope of movable plank houses more and more extensive. They are not only used as temporary houses on construction sites, but also used as roof adding floors, shops, urban municipal and resettlement houses.
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