进行预拼装的钢构件，其质量应符合设计要求和质量标准的规定。柱、梁、支撑等构件的长度尺寸应包括焊接收缩余量等变形值。

The quality of pre assembled steel components should meet the design requirements and quality standards. The length dimensions of components such as columns, beams, and supports should include deformation values such as welding shrinkage allowance.

安装偏差的检测应在结构形成空间刚度单元并连接固定后进行。

The detection of installation deviation should be carried out after the structure forms a spatial stiffness unit and is connected and fixed.

安装时，必须控制屋面、楼面、平台等的施工荷载，施工荷载和冰雪荷载等严禁超过梁、桁架、楼面板、层面板、平台铺板等的承载能力。

During installation, it is necessary to control the construction load on roofs, floors, platforms, etc. The construction load and ice and snow load are strictly prohibited from exceeding the bearing capacity of beams, trusses, floor panels, floor panels, platform planks, etc.

在形成空间刚度单元后，应及时对柱底板和基础顶面的空隙进行细石混凝土、灌浆料等二次灌浆。

After forming the spatial stiffness unit, secondary grouting such as fine aggregate concrete and grouting materials should be applied to the gaps between the column bottom plate and the foundation top surface in a timely manner.

吊车梁或直接承受动力荷载的梁其受拉翼缘、吊车桁架或直接承受动力荷载的桁架的受拉弦杆上，不得焊接悬挂物和卡具等。

The tension flanges of crane beams or beams directly subjected to dynamic loads, as well as the tension chords of crane trusses or trusses directly subjected to dynamic loads, shall not be welded with suspended objects and fixtures.

在每一节柱子的全部构件安装、焊接、栓接完成并经验收合格后，才能从地面引测上一节柱子的定位轴线。

The positioning axis of the previous column can only be measured from the ground after all components of each column have been installed, welded, and bolted and passed the acceptance inspection.

为了使垫铁组平稳地传力给基础，应使垫铁面与基础面紧密贴合。因此，在垫放垫铁前，对不平的基础上表面，需用工具凿平。

In order to ensure the smooth transmission of force from the pad iron group to the foundation, the pad iron surface should be tightly adhered to the foundation surface. Therefore, before placing the pad iron, the uneven surface needs to be chiseled flat with tools.

垫铁垫放的主要要求是在不影响灌浆的前提下，相邻两垫铁组之间的距离应愈近愈好，这样能使底座板、垫铁和基础起到共同均匀受力的作用，避免局部偏压、集中受力或底板在地脚螺栓紧固受力时发生变形等现象发生。

The main requirement for the placement of pad iron is that, without affecting the grouting, the distance between adjacent pad iron groups should be as close as possible. This can enable the base plate, pad iron, and foundation to have a common and uniform force effect, avoiding local bias, concentrated force, or deformation of the bottom plate when the anchor bolts are tightened.

垫放垫铁时，应将厚垫铁垫在下面，薄垫铁放在上面，薄的垫铁宜垫放在中间；但尽量少用或不用薄垫铁，因为使用薄垫铁可能影响受力时的稳定性和焊接（点焊）质量。在确定平垫铁的厚度时，还应同时锻造加工一些斜垫铁，其斜度一般为 .斜垫铁应成对使用，垫放时应防止产生偏心悬空。

When placing the pad iron, the thick pad iron should be placed below, the thin pad iron should be placed above, and the thin pad iron should be placed in the middle; But try to use less or no thin shims, as using thin shims may affect the stability under stress and the quality of welding (spot welding). When determining the thickness of the flat cushion iron, some inclined cushion iron should also be forged and processed at the same time, with a slope of generally. The inclined cushion iron should be used in pairs, and the cushion should be placed to prevent eccentric suspension.

垫铁在垫放前，应将其表面的铁锈、油污和加工面的毛刺清理干净，以备灌浆时能与混凝土牢固的结合。垫铁组露出底座板缘外侧的长度约为10mm～20mm，并在层间两侧用电焊点焊牢固。

Before placing the pad iron, the surface rust, oil stains, and burrs on the processing surface should be cleaned thoroughly, so that it can firmly bond with the concrete during grouting. The length of the pad iron group exposed to the outer edge of the base plate is about 10mm to 20mm, and it is firmly welded by spot welding on both sides of the interlayer.

垫铁垫放高度应合理，过高会影响受力的稳定；过低则影响灌浆的填充饱满，甚使灌浆无法进行。灌浆前，应认真检查垫铁组与底座板接触的牢固性，用0.25千克重的小锤轻击，接触牢固的声音是实音；接触不牢固的声音是碎哑音。

The height of the iron pad should be reasonable, as excessive height can affect the stability of the force; If it is too low, it will affect the filling of the grouting and even make it impossible to proceed. Before grouting, the firmness of the contact between the pad iron group and the base plate should be carefully checked. Use a small hammer weighing 0.25 kilograms to lightly tap, and the sound of firm contact is solid sound; Touching sound that is not firm is a hoarse sound.

钢柱就位校正时，应注意风力和日照、温差的影响使柱身发生弯曲变形。其预防措施如下：

When correcting the steel column in place, attention should be paid to the influence of wind, sunlight, and temperature difference to cause bending deformation of the column body. The preventive measures are as follows:

（1）风力对柱面产生压力，使柱身发生侧向弯曲。因此，在校正柱子时，当风力超过5级时不能进行。对已校正完的柱子应进行侧向梁的安装或采取加固措施，以增加整体连接的刚性，防止风力作用产生变形。

(1) The wind exerts pressure on the cylindrical surface, causing lateral bending of the column body. Therefore, when correcting the column, it cannot be done when the wind force exceeds level 5. The corrected columns should be installed with lateral beams or reinforced to increase the rigidity of the overall connection and prevent deformation caused by wind force.

（2）校正柱子应注意防止日照温差的影响，钢柱受阳光照射的正面与侧面产生温差，使其发生弯曲变形。校正柱子工作应避开阳光照射的炎热时间，宜在早晨或阳光照射强度较低的时间及环境内进行。

(2) Attention should be paid to preventing the influence of sunlight temperature difference on the correction column. The temperature difference between the front and side of the steel column exposed to sunlight can cause it to bend and deform. The work of correcting pillars should avoid hot hours of sunlight exposure and should be carried out in the morning or in environments with lower sunlight intensity.

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