一、工法特点

1、 Characteristics of construction methods

精度控制优势

Precision control advantage

倒序安装是从顶部结构开始向下安装，与常规顺序安装相比，在安装过程中更容易对异形双曲钢结构柱的顶部节点进行准确定位。因为顶部节点通常是与其他主要结构（如屋面梁等）相连接的关键部位，倒序安装可以先确定这个关键部位的空间位置，通过准确的测量和调整手段，如使用全站仪等高精度测量仪器，将顶部节点的误差控制在极小范围内，从而为后续柱体的安装提供准确的基准。

Reverse installation starts from the top structure and is installed downwards. Compared with conventional sequential installation, it is easier to accurately locate the top nodes of the irregular hyperbolic steel structure columns during the installation process. Because the top node is usually a critical part connected to other major structures such as roof beams, reverse installation can first determine the spatial position of this critical part. Through accurate measurement and adjustment methods, such as using high-precision measuring instruments such as total stations, the error of the top node can be controlled within a very small range, providing accurate benchmarks for the subsequent installation of columns.

施工性提升

Improvement of construction safety

采用倒序安装，在安装上部结构时，下方的作业空间相对开阔，减少了下方已安装结构对施工设备和人员的潜在威胁。例如，在安装过程中，起重机等设备的起吊和移动不会受到下部已安装结构的阻碍，降低了碰撞风险。而且，施工人员在高处作业时，下方尚未安装的部分可以提供更好的视野和操作空间，有利于防护措施的实施。

By using reverse installation, when installing the upper structure, the working space below is relatively open, reducing the potential safety threats to construction equipment and personnel from the already installed structure below. For example, during the installation process, the lifting and movement of equipment such as cranes will not be hindered by the lower installed structure, reducing the risk of collision. Moreover, when construction personnel work at heights, the uninstalled parts below can provide better visibility and operating space, which is conducive to the implementation of safety protection measures.

质量保证措施有效

Effective quality assurance measures

由于是倒序安装，每安装一节柱体都可以对已安装部分进行质量检查和调整。在安装下一节柱体时，可以通过预拼装等方式确保与上一节柱体的连接精度，使整个异形双曲钢结构柱的线形更加顺畅。例如，对于双曲造型部分，可以在地面上进行预拼装，检查相邻柱体之间的曲面过渡是否自然、接口是否紧密，从而保证整个结构的质量符合设计要求。

Due to the reverse installation, eachinstalled section of the column can undergo quality inspection and adjustment of the already installed parts. When installing the next section of the column, the connection accuracy with the previous section can be ensured through pre assembly and other methods, making the overall shape of the irregular hyperbolic steel structure column smoother. For example, for the hyperbolic shaped part, pre assembly can be carried out on the ground to check whether the curved transitions between adjacent columns are natural and whether the interfaces are tight, thereby ensuring that the quality of the entire structure meets the design requirements.

二、施工工艺流程

2、 Construction process flow

施工准备

Construction preparation

技术准备：仔细研读设计图纸，对异形双曲钢结构柱的形状、尺寸、材质、连接方式等技术参数进行详细分析。利用BIM（建筑信息模型）技术对钢结构柱进行三维建模，模拟安装过程，提前发现可能存在的问题，如构件之间的碰撞、安装顺序不合理等，并制定相应的解决方案。同时，根据设计要求和规范标准，编制详细的施工方案和质量、控制计划。

Technical preparation: Carefully study the design drawings and conduct a detailed analysis of the technical parameters such as shape, size, material, and connection method of the irregular hyperbolic steel structure columns. Using BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology to conduct 3D modeling of steel structure columns, simulate the installation process, identify potential issues in advance, such as collisions between components and unreasonable installation sequence, and develop corresponding solutions. At the same time, according to design requirements and regulatory standards, prepare detailed construction plans and quality and safety control plans.

材料与设备准备：按照设计要求采购合格的钢材，对钢材的材质、规格等进行严格检验。对于异形双曲钢结构柱，由于其形状特殊，可能需要定制加工一些特殊的连接节点和构配件。在设备方面，准备好足够的起重机、电焊机、测量仪器（如全站仪、水准仪）等施工设备，并确保设备性能良好，能够满足施工要求。

Material and equipment preparation: Purchase qualified steel according to design requirements, and conduct strict inspections on the material and specifications of the steel. For special-shaped hyperbolic steel structural columns, due to their unique shape, it may be necessary to customize and process some special connection nodes and structural components. In terms of equipment, prepare sufficient construction equipment such as cranes, welding machines, and measuring instruments (such as total stations and level gauges), and ensure that the equipment has good performance and can meet the construction requirements.

场地准备：清理施工现场，设置好材料堆放区和构件拼装区。对于异形双曲钢结构柱的构件，由于其形状复杂，在堆放时要做好标识和防护，防止构件变形和损坏。同时，在安装现场要做好基础处理，确保基础的平整度和强度符合要求，为钢结构柱的安装提供良好的基础条件。

Site preparation: Clean up the construction site, set up material stacking areas and component assembly areas. For the components of irregular hyperbolic steel structure columns, due to their complex shape, proper labeling and protection should be done during stacking to prevent deformation and damage of the components. At the same time, foundation treatment should be done well at the installation site to ensure that the flatness and strength of the foundation meet the requirements, providing good foundation conditions for the installation of steel structure columns.

顶部节点安装

Top node installation

根据预先确定的空间坐标，使用起重机

Using a crane based on predetermined spatial coordinates